CPU Architecture : Execute States. 3) Use the instruction opcode to assign the first state of each execute routine, allowing for the maximum number of steps required for an execute routine. eg. if the longest execute cycle is 4 steps and assuming an opcode '01' then a state value of '0100' would be suitable for the first step. Use the opcode as data input to the counter and load (ld) this value into the counter as the start point for the execute cycle load 0100 ->inc, 0101 -> inc, 0110 -> inc, 0111 ->clr, 0000