I'm developing a survey on usability, I don't think it's quite right yet, but I would still welcome anyone using it to leave feedback on my research topic (or about the survey) - Click Here to take part in a usability survey, and support my PhD research, for anyone who does not want to remain anonymous, I would be pleased to take an interest in their research.

The survey compares these interfaces -

Taxonomy - http://www.cems.uwe.ac.uk/~phale/ELearning/ELearningDemonstration1.htm.

Diagrammatic - http://www.cems.uwe.ac.uk/~phale/ELearning/ELearningDemonstration2.htm.

And asks for further advice on end-user programming.

I'm interested in feedback from anyone, whatever their level of IT skills.

Create polls and vote for free. dPolls.com

Survey Results - http://www.cems.uwe.ac.uk/amrc/seeds/EndUserProgramming.htm#SurveyResults - http://www.toluna.com/polls/37921/Do_You_Think_End-User_Programming_can_be_made_possible?.

XML Research Summary

XML is used for structuring information and W3C ensures that the language is standardised so different software systems can interpret it. This Meta language is useful because it fits well with both an object oriented and a rule-based approach to problem solving and creating software. Using Meta-tags defined with XML it is possible to create documents, which define their own structure. Using scripting languages the information is then passed to a program which can take the value and process it or pass it to other objects within a system to facilitate decision support. The programming language objects can find the relevant XML tag within a web page and check whether the user has provided the information related to this tag (otherwise it would need to use a default value). Intelligent agent objects can be used to achieve this. An intelligent agent is an object that can react and adapt autonomously to changes (Grove, 2000), (Sycara 1998).

XML pages can be linked to XSL (eXtensible Stylesheet Language) pages to define appropriate formatting and so output the information in a standardised and comprehensive way. This makes it possible to provide a consistent and understandable user interface. XQuery can be used to search XML data sources.

The aim of this research is to enable effective management of information by creation of a visual document, programming, and information management system and interface the means for this is creation of a visual development environment for programming using XML based technologies. This is to enable interactivity with and further development of this system by end-users such as administrative staff. The intenetion is to investigate use and improve such environments and create proof of concept software for free distribution between academics, and amongst others, of this interactive environment. This will enable editing of the program structure using a visual representation of the software over the web that can be translated directly into code. Users will be able to change the program without ever needing to see the XML code. This will allow people to create interactive software that is well structured and searchable, and I will evaluate the best options for making this creation as straightforward as possible. There are many techniques, tools and languages available for structuring and searching web pages, these will be applied to management of our information.

Extensible Markup Language XML is an important standard in the development of ontologies. This language allows for the construction of text documents in which the relationship between concepts is represented. Cheung et al. demonstrate the importance of XML for interoperability and knowledge re-use. Because it is an accepted standard it is possible to use XML on any type of computer. Further developments such as Resource Description Framework RDF, and Web Ontology Language (OWL) add a layer of standardisation of semantics, above the standardised syntax of XML. It is also possible to represent diagrammatic, and graphical information using a variety of XML called Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG) (World Wide Web Consortium SVG).

XML is used for structuring information so different software systems can interpret it. This language can be used to structure web pages so that they can represent and link to programming objects. Knowledge sharing within and between systems can be enabled using XML. XML can be used as a way to manage workflow within and between organizations (Ferreira & Ferreira 2001). XML provides the basis for creation of taxonomies and ontologies (Bryan 2002). This Meta language is useful as it fits well with both an Object Oriented and a Rule-Based approach to problem solving and software development. Using Meta-tags defined with XML it is possible to create documents that define their own structure. The information is then passed to software, which can take the value and process it, or pass it to other objects within a system to facilitate decision support. XML also helps to provide common definitions to make it easier to use computer middleware. The XML code is linked to an XSL (eXtensible Stylesheet Language) stylesheet to define appropriate formatting, thus outputting the information in a standardised and comprehensible way. This makes it possible to provide a consistent and understandable user interface. A further objective of this research is automating the conversion of information between formats. A further aim of this research is automating the conversion of information between formats. Tao et al. (2004) develop a model for sharing information between enterprises using XML.

A simple illustration of the techniques that can be used to further this research area is a demonstrator completed for meta-programming of XML based drag and drop trees. Python is used as a translator between the XML representation of the trees and interactive graphical representations. This allows open standards platform independent end-user programming. Such techniques could be used with other Semantic Web based information representations based on languages and structures such as XML, RDF (Resource Description Framework), and OWL (Web Ontology Language), and for provision of other controls. These controls could then be used as graphical components of a programming environment made available over the web. This demonstrator furthered the research of Anderson and Krause (2007). Whiteside (2007) also used XML based meta programming to allow end-user programming with Simkin and Lemos (2007) explains how MetaL can also be used for this. The intention is to investigate environments such as these as meta language tools for programming, including for the display interface. Semantic languages provide a higher level declarative view of the problem to be modelled. A necessary step will be development of declarative programming with XML based languages. Interactive web programs can be created using scripting languages and XML combinations such as AJAX (Asynchronous JavaScript And XML) Cagle (2006), which is an overall name for techniques to create highly interactive web pages. Web 2.0 technologies (often making use of Ajax) aim to reproduce on the web the functionality provided by office software and it is our attention to extend this to allow users to create their own programs using XML and a visual interface. Examples of research into XML as a programming language are AspectXML (Peterson, 2005), and the Minimal Imperative Language XIM Bayram and Onder (2007) and Farnham (2007).

Standardisation in XML/RDF enables use of declarative rules for web services and can be used to add structure to web pages, and this can be used as a mechanism for translation between human and computer. The figure below illustrates how it is possible to make use of open standards languages as part of a translation process between user and computer.

Translation Process.

Translation Process

Further Information -

Components Drag and Drop AJAX Example - http://www.cems.uwe.ac.uk/amrc/seeds/Ajax/components.html - Based on Example from Scand dhtmlxTree.

Examples - http://www.cems.uwe.ac.uk/amrc/seeds/PeterHale/XML/XML.htm#Examples.

Programming with XML - http://www.cems.uwe.ac.uk/amrc/seeds/PeterHale/XML/XML.htm#ProgrammingwithXML.

RDF Information - http://www.cems.uwe.ac.uk/amrc/seeds/PeterHale/RDF/RDF.htm.

XForms Information - http://www.cems.uwe.ac.uk/amrc/seeds/Ajax/ajax.htm#XForms.

XQuery Information - http://www.cems.uwe.ac.uk/amrc/seeds/PeterHale/XML/XML.htm#XQuery.

References

Anderson, S, Krause D, 2007, Sample code using drag and Drop with a tree, http://lists.wxwidgets.org/archive/wxPython-users/msg11332.html.

Bayram, Z., Onder, R., 2007, XSL Transformations - Dr Dobbs's Portal - A delivery medium for executable content over the Internet - Extensible Stylesheet Language Transformations help you separate XML content from presentation - The possibility of bundling together the language processor with the program and data opens up tremendous opportunities, allowing special purpose languages to be developed and used without requiring the end users to install additional components to their web browser. This also largely eliminates compatibility problems stemming from the unstandardized nature of scripting (and other) languages built into web browsers currently in use.

Bryan, M. (ed.) 2002. Context: The key to understanding ontologies. http://www.personal.u-net.com/~sgml/context.htm, The SGML Centre, accessed on 8th April 2002

Cagle, K., 2006. AJAX on the Enterprise. In: AJAXWorld conference & Expo, October 4, 2006 - http://www.oreillynet.com/xml/blog/2006/10/ajax_on_the_enterprise.html.

Dmitriev, S., Language Oriented Programming: The Next Programming Paradigm http://www.onboard.jetbrains.com/is1/articles/04/10/lop/.

Farnham, K., 2007, O'Reilly XML.com - Wishing I Could Program XIM... - What I really wanted to accomplish, and hence be able to write about, was that I had created a XML "program" written in the Minimal Imperative Language XIM.

Ferreira, D. & Ferreira, J. 2001. Designing Workflow-Enabled Business-to-Business Infrastructures. 7^th International Conference on Concurrent Enterprising: 81-89

Grove R., 2000 Internet-based expert systems, Expert Systems, Vol. 17 No.3

Lemos M., MetaL: An XML based Meta-Programming language http://www.meta-language.net.

Peterson, M. D., AspectXML - Article - http://www.oreillynet.com/xml/blog/2005/09/part_3_assets_atom_feeds_and_a.html - [Part 3] Assets, Atom Feeds, and AspectXML - The Triple Threat of Web Development? - O'Reilly XML.com - Part 1 - Part 2.

Sycara K. P, 1998, The many faces of agents, AI Magazine, Journal Paper

Tao, Y., Hong, T., Sun S., 2004. An XML implementation process model for enterprise applications - Computers in Industry 55 (2004) 181-196.

Whiteside S., Simkin the embeddable scripting language http://www.simkin.co.uk/.

World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), Extensible Markup Language (XML) http://www.w3.org/XML/.

World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG) XML Graphics for the Web http://www.w3.org/Graphics/SVG/.

Examples

UWE Examples

Aircraft Wing Modelling

Colour Coding

This XML example demonstrates a re-use of Christophe Bru's cost map where the colour coding is used to represent categories of information rather than cost. Clicking Spar Illustrates this best as it shows different colours. This doesn't render in Mozilla Firefox. XML Colour Categorised.

Drag and Drop

Components Drag and Drop AJAX Example - http://www.cems.uwe.ac.uk/amrc/seeds/Ajax/components.html - Based on Example from Scand dhtmlxTree.

Interactive XML and SVG Based Wing components

Flash Taxonomy viewer that can be used to view eXtensible Markup Language (XML) taxonomies. Flash XML Taxonomy Viewer Example - Flash HCI Example. This is based on an example from a book Flash MX Application and Interface Design (Rhodes, G. et al.)

Vanguard Global Knowledge Portal - Spar Example - XML Generator - Spar - Translated from Protege Ontology - outputs results to other languages - e.g. XML, Java, SVG.

XML Based Tree Menu

An XML example links to an XSL stylesheet. This doesn't render in Mozilla Firefox. XML Example. - This HTML version has been tested in Mozilla Firefox 1.5 and links to XML files that will render in that browser. HTML Version.

This HTML menu has been tested in Mozilla Firefox 1.5 and links to XML files that will render in that browser. HTML Example.

The link below shows the model and code behind the creation of this XML example.

These outputs are based on the work of Emmanuele De Andreis.

http://manudea.duemetri.net/xtree/

XQuery and XForms Wingbox Examples

Components Example Using XQuery and XForms (FormFaces) Combined - http://www.cems.uwe.ac.uk/xmldb/rest//db/PeterHale/tutorials/components/listComponents.xql - Adapted from research of Chris Wallace.

DBpedia and Simile Timeline - http://thewallaceline.blogspot.com/2007/12/dbpedia-and-simile-timeline.html - http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/XQuery/DBpedia_with_SPARQL_and_Simile_Timeline_-_Album_Chronology - Sunday, December 30, 2007 - Simile Timeline provides a neat way to display events and we have been using it on the FOLD project and on the DSA module to represent the events in the life of music artists and groups, with data extracted by hand from a copy of the Rolling Stones Review. Having discovered DBpedia, it seems obvious to progress to using this data source instead. The XQuery code is presented in an article in the Wikibook.

Wingbox Product Ordering Example - http://www.cems.uwe.ac.uk/amrc/seeds/FormFaces/Examples/WingBox/index.html - Based on the FormFaces - BookStore example - http://www.formfaces.com/faces/Examples/index.html.

Charts and Graphs

http://www.cems.uwe.ac.uk/amrc/seeds/PeterHale/Charts/charts.htm.

Faculty Online Data (Fold) and other XML examples

Faculty Online Data (Fold) - Faculty Online Data (FOLD) - Studentsonline.

Tag Cloud - Programme Search by Tag Cloud - UWE - Faculty Online Data (FOLD).

Tag Cloud - Tag Cloud of Staff Keywords - Internal Only.

XQuery examples eXist XML Database (Chris Wallace) - XQuery examples.

Flash XML Visualisation

This example shows a Flash Taxonomy viewer that can be used to view eXtensible Markup Language (XML) taxonomies. Flash XML Taxonomy Viewer Example - Flash HCI Example. This is based on an example from a book Flash MX Application and Interface Design (Rhodes, G. et al.)

Parametric Costing

Parametric Costing models are also demonstrated with 2 example models. Christophe Bru also worked on these models. These are Online Parametric Cost Estimation (PCE) models based on XML linked to an XSL stylesheet.

These examples are - engine and bolt

Other XML examples use the MSXML activeX object engine and bolt

Process Modelling

Process Modelling - PSL - Process Specification Language and XML (Extensible Markup Language) - http://www.cems.uwe.ac.uk/amrc/seeds/PeterHale/ProcessSpecificationLanguage.htm.

XML Examples DTDs, Schemas, Stylesheet transformation

XML DTDs and Schema, stylesheet transformation - XML information and examples.

This example converts an - LDAP representation of a staff member (myself) to a representation required for the Faculty Information System Project of Chris Wallace. XSL Transformation Example.

XQuery examples eXist XML Database (Chris Wallace) - XQuery examples.

External Examples

AspectXML - Article - http://www.oreillynet.com/xml/blog/2005/09/part_3_assets_atom_feeds_and_a.html - [Part 3] Assets, Atom Feeds, and AspectXML - The Triple Threat of Web Development? - O'Reilly XML.com - M. David Peterson - Part 1 - Part 2.

AspectXML - http://www.aspectxml.org/ - Community Open Source Project.

AspectXML - M. David Peterson - User Driven Programming and AspectXML - O'Reilly Blog.

FormFaces - http://www.formfaces.com/main.html - XForm - XML Form editing tool.

FormsPlayer - http://www.formsplayer.com/content/index.html - XForm - XML Form editing tool.

Index-driven XQuery processing in the eXist XML database - http://www.cems.uwe.ac.uk/xmldb/xmlprague06.xml.

Koala Publishing Ltd - Demos and Downloads - XML and SVG Examples and Articles.

Orbeon - http://www.orbeon.com/ - Online Demos - Orbeon XForms Presentation Server.

Orbeon Report - Orbeon Report - Doc - PDF.

Periodic table of Visualization Methods - http://www.visual-literacy.org/periodic_table/periodic_table.html - Visual-Literacy.org has published this great Periodic Table of methods of visualisation. This displays around 100 diagram types, with examples and a multi-faceted classification by: - simple to complex - data/information/concept/strategy/metaphor/compound - process/structure - detail/overview - divergence/convergence - The web page uses a Javascript library to display an example of a diagram type when you mouse-over its box. A neat trick but perhaps not very accessible, so I took the liberty of massaging this table to create a full listing of all the diagram types in alphabetical order. This format is more convenient for my purpose when teaching, and is a nice example of XML-scraping using XQuery.

Stylus Studio - Building Workflow Applications with XML and XQuery - Dr Michael Kay.

XMLpitstop - http://www.xmlpitstop.com/ - David Silverflight - XML Exampls.

XSL Transformations (XSLT) in Mozilla - http://www.mozilla.org/projects/xslt/ - Mozilla XSLT transformation within the Browser.

Programming with XML

To allow users to create code it is possible to create a translator using pure XML or RDF/XML programming so the entire solution would be in XML based languages. This involves programming with Semantic Web languages rather than just using them for information representation. This will make the translation easier and more reliable, and further improve the maintainability of the whole system.

XML has mainly been used as a neutral format for representing information, but its rich structure makes it suitable for use as a programming language e.g. AspectXML.

Interesting areas of research for use of XML as a programming language are XML Transformations and Program Transformations :-

Transformations can be performed into other visual representations, any programming language or open standard information representation language, and this can be displayed on the web. This approach can be described as 'pipelining', which is explained by Gropp (2003) using the example of a project to convert Geography Markup Language (GML) to Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG). SVG is explained in chapter 5 and by McKeown and Grimson (2000). Pipelining is also core to XML (eXtensible Markup Language) and XForms technologies (Bruchez, 2006), which are explained in this thesis. Pipelines are important for translation and Meta Programming techniques used in this research as they apply one program to the results of another. XML Pipelines (XPL) (W3C, 2005) have allowed for repeated steps in transformation of a document, this can enable XML based meta programming without it being necessary to use lower level languages.

Pipelines are important for translation and Meta Programming techniques used in this research as they apply one program to the results of another. XML Pipelines (XPL) (W3C, 2005) (XForms Thick Clients, 2007) have allowed for repeated steps in transformation of a document, this can enable XML based meta programming without it being necessary to use lower level languages.

References

Gropp, E., 2003 - Accelerating SVG Transformations with Pipelines - GML - SVG. - abstract - Presentation - SVG Open 2003 - Conference and Exhibition - Vancouver, Canada · July 13-18, 2003 - 2nd Annual Conference on Scalable Vector Graphics.

World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), 2005. XML Pipeline Language (XPL) Version 1.0 (Draft) - http://www.w3.org/Submission/xpl/.

XForms Thick Clients - http://www.xml.com/lpt/a/1718 - O'Reilly XML.com - By Jack Cox - October 19, 2007 - All designers and developers face the problems of vague requirements, poorly defined data models, and last minute requirement changes. These sad facts of life drive some developers to embrace a document-driven architecture,but this approach usually breaks down when confronted with an environment that includes non-network attached devices that necessitate a thick-client application. This article describes the components and techniques for building a document-driven, thick-client application using XForms that operates on a non-network attached system.

AJAX (Asynchronous JavaScript And XML)

Chris Wallace - Examples and Information - Ajax web 2.0 - http://www.cems.uwe.ac.uk/~cjwallac/apps/ajax/index.html

Components Drag and Drop AJAX Example - http://www.cems.uwe.ac.uk/amrc/seeds/Ajax/components.html - Based on Example from Scand dhtmlxTree.

PIXEL Programming Interaction with XML Environments and Languages - http://userdrivenmodelling.blogspot.com/2007/08/pixel-programming-interaction-with-xml.html.

RSS and AJAX: Peter Hale Example based based on this - tutorial - http://www.cems.uwe.ac.uk/amrc/seeds/PeterHale/RDF/rssajax.htm - RSS Viewer.

AJAX/Web 2.0 - http://www.cems.uwe.ac.uk/amrc/seeds/Ajax/ajax.htm#XForms.

Aspect XML

The AspectXML site is being developed by this team also including M. David Peterson, and Russel Miles.

AOSD.net - http://aosd.net/ - aosd.net is home to the annual Aspect-Oriented Software Development conference and is intended to provide a comprehensive source of information about AOSD.

AspectXML - This research is especially useful where software functions can't be neatly attached to particilar objects or nodes in a hierarchy. These are known as cross-cutting concerns as they may affect several nodes.

An Introduction to the AspectXML Concept - http://www.aspectxml.org/downloads/aspectXML_concept.doc - Object Orientation (OO) has been a favoured approach in software development for some years now, with its roots in the early 80's. OO gave the developer the opportunity to manage some of the complexity of software development by formalizing the concepts of encapsulation. However, some problems in software do not easily lend themselves to the strict hierarchical nature of good OO design.

Links

Aspect Oriented Programming.

AspectXML - http://www.aspectxml.org/ - Community Open Source Project.

Aspect-oriented programming: Introduction. Elrad,T., Filman, R. E., Bader, A., 2001. Communications of the ACM, 44(10), pp 28-32.

M. David Peterson - User Driven Programming and AspectXML - O'Reilly Blog.

Sixth International Conference on Aspect-Oriented Software Development - aosd.07 - Vancouver, British Columbia March 12-16, 2007.

Drag and Drop Programming

Components Drag and Drop Example - http://www.cems.uwe.ac.uk/amrc/seeds/Ajax/components.html - Based on Example from Scand dhtmlxTree.

Drag and Drop Programming - http://www.cems.uwe.ac.uk/amrc/seeds/Ajax/ajax.htm#DragandDropProgramming.

External Articles/Projects - Programming with XML

Dmitriev, S., Language Oriented Programming: The Next Programming Paradigm http://www.onboard.jetbrains.com/is1/articles/04/10/lop/.

Extended XQuery for SOA - http://www.xml.com/pub/a/2007/09/12/extended-xquery-for-soa.html - Dino Fancellu, Edmund Gimzewski - In a services-oriented architecture (SOA), a business process is implemented as a web service that programs (orchestrates in SOA terminology) other web services. An orchestrator web service is usually coded in a language outside the XML domain (e.g., Java), and in this context XQuery is used only to query and transform data not to orchestrate other web services. However, here it is shown how a few extensions to XQuery give it the additional role of web service orchestrator, allowing this XML-domain-specific language to implement all the steps in a complex SOA processes. - O'Reilly XML.com - September 14, 2007.

Introducing E4X - http://www.xml.com/lpt/a/1720 - O'Reilly Xml.com - Kurt Cagle - ECMAscript for XML (more colloquially known as E4X) has had comparatively limited success of adoption in the face of the power of JSON, I suspect partially because of a general ambivalence that the JavaScript community has towards working with XML, but more so because there is comparatively little out there describing how best to take advantage of the features that E4X offers. - November 30, 2007.

M. David Peterson - User Driven Programming and AspectXML - O'Reilly Blog.

MetaL - http://www.meta-language.net/ - MetaL: An XML based Meta-Programming language.

Metaphorical Web - http://www.xforms.org/metaweb/ - Mental Perambulations by Kurt Cagle - What is the Metaphorical Web? - A Statement of Purpose.

O'Reilly XML.com - http://www.xml.com/pub/a/2001/02/14/functional.html - Functional Programming and XML - Bijan Parsia - February 14, 2001.

Simkin - http://www.simkin.co.uk/ - A high-level lightweight embeddable scripting language which works with Java or C++ and XML.

O'Reilly XML.com - Wishing I Could Program XIM... - What I really wanted to accomplish, and hence be able to write about, was that I had created a XML "program" written in the Minimal Imperative Language XIM.

XAML - XAML Overview - Extensible Application Markup Language (XAML), a declarative programming language based on Extensible Markup Language (XML) that developers can use to specify a hierarchy of common language runtime (CLR) objects by using a set of properties and logic.

XMILE: XML in Mobile Incremental Logical Environment - http://pizza.cs.ucl.ac.uk/xmile/ - middleware for fine grain granularity code mobility.

XQuery/RDF and the Emp-Dept case study - http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/XQuery/RDF_and_the_Emp-Dept_case_study - The Employee -Department case study used in the comparison of SQL and XQuery is used here to explore the XQuery/SPARQL pairing. This is a work-in-progress as the writer learns about RDF, the semantic web and linked data. - Chris Wallace.

XSL Transformations - Dr Dobbs's Portal - A delivery medium for executable content over the Internet - Extensible Stylesheet Language Transformations help you separate XML content from presentation - The possibility of bundling together the language processor with the program and data opens up tremendous opportunities, allowing special purpose languages to be developed and used without requiring the end users to install additional components to their web browser. This also largely eliminates compatibility problems stemming from the unstandardized nature of scripting (and other) languages built into web browsers currently in use.

XSL Transformations (XSLT) in Mozilla - http://www.mozilla.org/projects/xslt/ - Mozilla XSLT transformation within the Browser.

Meta-Languages

Internal Links

Dagstuhl Seminar End - User Software Engineering Article - Ezine.

Dagstuhl Seminar Post includes information on Meta-Design and Programming - End-User Software Engineering - Part 3 - http://userdrivenmodelling.blogspot.com/2007/07/dagstuhl-seminar-end-user-software_27.html.

Meta Programming - http://www.cems.uwe.ac.uk/amrc/seeds/softwareengineering.htm#MetaProgramming.

Program Transformation - http://www.cems.uwe.ac.uk/amrc/seeds/ProgramTransformation.htm.

External Links

Dmitriev, S., Language Oriented Programming: The Next Programming Paradigm http://www.onboard.jetbrains.com/is1/articles/04/10/lop/.

MetaL - http://www.meta-language.net/ - MetaL: An XML based Meta-Programming language.

O'Reilly XML.com - http://www.xml.com/pub/a/2001/02/14/functional.html - Functional Programming and XML - Bijan Parsia - February 14, 2001.

Simkin - http://www.simkin.co.uk/ - A high-level lightweight embeddable scripting language which works with Java or C++ and XML.

XSL Transformations (XSLT) in Mozilla - http://www.mozilla.org/projects/xslt/ - Mozilla XSLT transformation within the Browser.

SPARQL (SPARQL Protocol And RDF Query Language)

Introducing SPARQL: Querying the Semantic Web - http://www.xml.com/pub/a/2005/11/16/introducing-sparql-querying-semantic-web-tutorial.html - by Leigh Dodds - November 16, 2005 - An Introduction to SPARQL - This tutorial, the first of a three-part series, introduces SPARQL -- a query language and data access protocol for the Semantic Web. SPARQL is defined in terms of the W3C's RDF data model and will work for any data source that can be mapped into RDF. The specification is under development by the RDF Data Access Working Group (DAWG) and has recently reached Last Call Working Draft.

SPARQL - http://www.cems.uwe.ac.uk/amrc/seeds/PeterHale/RDF/RDF.htm#SPARQL.

XForms

Chris Wallace - Examples and Information - XForms, Xquery, Ajax web 2.0 - http://www.cems.uwe.ac.uk/~cjwallac/apps/ajax/index.html

Wingbox Product Ordering Example - http://www.cems.uwe.ac.uk/amrc/seeds/FormFaces/Examples/WingBox/index.html.

XForms and XQuery - http://www.cems.uwe.ac.uk/amrc/seeds/Ajax/ajax.htm#XForms.

XIM (Minimal Imperative Language)

XML Transformations

XML Transformation Example - XSL Transformation Example.

Program Transformation - Program Transformation.

This example converts an - LDAP representation of a staff member (myself) to a representation required for the Faculty Information System Project of Chris Wallace. XSL Transformation Example.

XML Examples - Schema and DTD.

XML to SVG Transformation Example using XSLT - State Transition Diagram - Manufacturing Process Flow.

Even where documents are represented using XML or other structured languages, it would be useful to structure the contents and semantics using an ontology, Erdmann and Studer (1999) experiment with this. This structuring using an ontology as could improve the accuracy of searches.

Erdmann, M., Studer, R. 1999. Ontologies as Conceptual Models for XML Documents. In: Proceedings of the 12th Workshop on Knowledge Acquisition, Modelling and Management (KAW'99), Banff, Canada, October 1999. - http://xml.coverpages.org/erdmann-semantic-xql-webdb00.pdf.

External Articles - XSL Transformation

Accelerating SVG Transformations with Pipelines - GML - SVG - Gropp, E., 2003. - abstract - Presentation - SVG Open 2003 - Conference and Exhibition - Vancouver, Canada · July 13-18, 2003 - 2nd Annual Conference on Scalable Vector Graphics.

EXSLT Library - http://www.exslt.org/ - EXSLT is a community initiative to provide extensions to XSLT.

Kurt Cagle - http://www.xml.com/lpt/a/1696 - O'Reilly XML.com - The Future of XSLT 2.0 - recently wrote a weblog entry about the directions that I saw with XML, and while it has proved to be fairly popular, it has also generated a fair number of comments that really deserve more detailed examination. One of these comments - and one that I've been planning to write about for a while anyway, has to do with my statement that XSLT 2.0 is increasingly being used as a "router" language, replacing such applications as Microsoft's BizTalk Server. - Kurt Cagle - March 21, 2007.

O'Reilly XML.com - http://www.oreillynet.com/xml/blog/2007/01/limited_exslt_support_in_mozil.html - Limited EXSLT Support in Mozilla Firefox 3.0 - January 30, 2007 - Kurt Cagle.

O'Reilly XML.com - http://www.xml.com/pub/a/2005/06/08/tr.html - Seeking Equality - In an earlier column titled Duplicate and Empty Elements, I wrote about how the notion of "duplicate" elements isn't as simple as it sounds, because XPath 1.0 (and hence your XSLT style sheets) considers two elements to be equal if their string values are the same. - Bob DuCharme - June 08, 2005.

O'Reilly XML.com - http://www.xml.com/lpt/a/1696 - The Future of XSLT 2.0 - recently wrote a weblog entry about the directions that I saw with XML, and while it has proved to be fairly popular, it has also generated a fair number of comments that really deserve more detailed examination. One of these comments - and one that I've been planning to write about for a while anyway, has to do with my statement that XSLT 2.0 is increasingly being used as a "router" language, replacing such applications as Microsoft's BizTalk Server. - Kurt Cagle - March 21, 2007.

O'Reilly XML.com - http://www.xml.com/pub/a/2000/06/07/transforming/index.html - Transforming XML - Bob DuCharme June 07, 2000 - Copying, Deleting, and Renaming Elements - Welcome to "Transforming XML." Each column will explain how to handle two or three basic document manipulation tasks using the W3C Standard that was spun off from the Extensible Stylesheet Language (XSL): the XSL Transformations Language, or XSLT.

The XSLDataGrid: XSLT Rocks Ajax - O'Reilly XML.com - Lindsey Simon.

XML Bible, Chapter 17 of the Second Edition : XSL Transformations - In This Chapter - http://www.cafeconleche.org/books/bible2/chapters/ch17.html - Example with Periodic Table - Transformations - The Extensible Stylesheet Language (XSL) includes both a transformation language and a formatting language. Each of these, naturally enough, is an XML application. The transformation language provides elements that define rules for how one XML document is transformed into another XML document. The transformed XML document may use the markup and DTD of the original document, or it may use a completely different set of elements. In particular, it may use the elements defined by the second part of XSL, the formatting objects. This chapter discusses the transformation language half of XSL.

XSL Transformations - Dr Dobbs's Portal - A delivery medium for executable content over the Internet - Extensible Stylesheet Language Transformations help you separate XML content from presentation.

XSL Transformations (XSLT) in Mozilla - http://www.mozilla.org/projects/xslt/ - Mozilla XSLT transformation within the Browser.

Language and Tool Mapping

XQuery

Components Example Using XQuery and XForms (FormFaces) Combined - http://www.cems.uwe.ac.uk/xmldb/rest//db/PeterHale/tutorials/components/listComponents.xql - Adapted from research of Chris Wallace.

XQuery - http://www.cems.uwe.ac.uk/amrc/seeds/PeterHale/XML/XML.htm#XQuery.

XQuery examples eXist XML Database (Chris Wallace) - XQuery examples.

XQuery

McGovern, J., Cagle, K., Bothner, P., Nagarajan, V., Linn, J., 2003., XQuery Kick Start, Sams 1st edition.

XForms and XQuery - http://www.cems.uwe.ac.uk/amrc/seeds/Ajax/ajax.htm#XForms.

XQuery Examples

UWE Examples

Components Example Using XQuery and XForms (FormFaces) Combined - http://www.cems.uwe.ac.uk/xmldb/rest//db/PeterHale/tutorials/components/listComponents.xql - Adapted from research of Chris Wallace.

XQuery examples eXist XML Database (Chris Wallace) - XQuery examples.

External Examples/Articles

DataDirect XQuery - http://www.datadirect.com/products/xquery/index.ssp.

Index-driven XQuery processing in the eXist XML database - http://www.cems.uwe.ac.uk/xmldb/xmlprague06.xml.

JSR 225: XQuery API for JavaTM (XQJ) - http://jcp.org/en/jsr/detail?id=225 - Develop a common API that allows an application to submit queries conforming to the W3C XQuery 1.0 specification and to process the results of such queries. - March 3, 2008.

O'Reilly XML.com - http://www.xml.com/pub/a/2007/09/12/extended-xquery-for-soa.html - Extended XQuery for SOA - Dino Fancellu, Edmund Gimzewski - In a services-oriented architecture (SOA), a business process is implemented as a web service that programs (orchestrates in SOA terminology) other web services. An orchestrator web service is usually coded in a language outside the XML domain (e.g., Java), and in this context XQuery is used only to query and transform data—not to orchestrate other web services. However, here we show how a few extensions to XQuery give it the additional role of web service orchestrator, allowing this XML-domain-specific language to implement all the steps in a complex SOA processes. - September 14, 2007.

O'Reilly XML.com - http://www.xml.com/pub/a/2002/12/23/xquery.html - Generating XML and HTML using XQuery - Per Bothner - December 23, 2002.

O'Reilly XML.com - http://www.xml.com/lpt/a/2006/06/14/scaling-up-with-xquery-part-1.html - Scaling Up with XQuery, Part 1 - Bob DuCharme - June 14, 2006.

O'Reilly XML.com - http://www.xml.com/lpt/a/2006/06/21/scaling-up-with-xquery-part-2.html - Scaling Up with XQuery, Part 2 - Bob DuCharme - June 21, 2006.

O'Reilly XML.com - http://www.xml.com/pub/a/2007/01/03/the-xquery-chimera-takes-center-stage.html - The XQuery Chimera Takes Center Stage - Simon St. Laurent - January 03, 2007.

O'Reilly XML.com - http://www.oreillynet.com/xml/newsletters/040808-xml-news.html - Understanding XML. - Making Models and Watching for Swans - Subjects - Ontologies, modelling and XML - and - Adding Scripting and Updates to XQuery - April 2008.

O'Reilly XML.com - http://www.xml.com/pub/a/2007/07/12/xquery-and-data-abstraction.html - XQuery and Data Abstraction - by Kurt Cagle - July 12, 2007.

O'Reilly XML.com - http://www.xml.com/pub/a/2007/07/26/xquery-libferris-and-virtual-filesystems.html - XQuery, libferris, and Virtual Filesystems - By bringing together an XQuery engine and a virtual filesystem you can use a familiar query language to access relational databases, Berkeley db4 databases, kernel filesystems, and network files as well as XML. libferris, at its, core is a virtual filesystem allowing many different data sources to be exposed through a filesystem interface. - by Ben Martin - July 27, 2007.

O'Reilly XML.com - http://www.xml.com/pub/a/2007/06/01/xquery-the-server-language.html - XQuery, the Server Language - Kurt Cagle - June 06, 2007.

Stylus Studio - Building Workflow Applications with XML and XQuery - Dr Michael Kay.

Stylus Studio - Learn XQuery in 10 Minutes - Dr Michael Kay.

XML and XQuery examples - http://www.xquery.com/examples/xml/ - XQuery DataDirect.

XQuery 1.0 Reaches Official Recommendation Status with W3C - http://xml.sys-con.com/read/328176.htm - XML query language takes another Great Leap Forward - XML Journal - XML News Desk Jan 26, 2007.

XQuery Articles And Blog Entries - http://xquery.xmldevelopment.net/resources.aspx.

XQuery.com - Webinars - http://www.xquery.com/developers/webinars/ - XQuery Webinars.

XQueryP: An XML Application Development Language - http://2006.xmlconference.org/programme/presentations/38.html - XML 2006 - December 4-7 2006.

XQuery Update Facility 1.0 - W3C Candidate Recommendation 14 March 2008 - http://www.w3.org/TR/2008/CR-xquery-update-10-20080314/ - Abstract This document defines an update facility that extends the XML Query language, XQuery. The XQuery Update Facility provides expressions that can be used to make persistent changes to instances of the XQuery 1.0 and XPath 2.0 Data Model.

XQuery Wikibook - XQuery Examples Collection - http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/XQuery - This is a collaborative project and we encourage everyone who is using XQuery to contribute their XQuery examples.

XQuery Your Office Documents - http://ddj.com/linux-open-source/202401913 - Dr Dobb's Portal - Over the past year we have seen office documents -- spreadsheets, wordprocessing documents, and the like -- taking a more prominent role in business processes, workflows, and vertical applications. While office documents have always been common place, their proprietary binary formats have made them all but unusable to businesses which have sought to integrate office documents in their processes. New office document standards like the OpenDocument Format(ODF) and Office Open XML (OOXML), however, are making office document integration in business processes a reality. - October 21, 2007.

XQuery W3C

World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), 2006. XQuery 1.0: An XML Query Language http://www.w3.org/TR/xquery/.

My XForms Section - http://www.cems.uwe.ac.uk/amrc/seeds/Ajax/ajax.htm#XForms.

Language and Tool Mapping

Projects/Applications

Aeronautical Information (AICM/AIXM) - http://www.eurocontrol.int/aim/public/standard_page/interop_aicm.html - AICM is a conceptual/logical model that uses entities, attributes and relationships in order to describe aeronautical features such as airports, runways, navaids, obstacles, routes, terminal procedures, airspace structures, services and related aeronautical data.

The AspectXML site is being developed by this team also including M. David Peterson, and Russel Miles.

Amaya - http://www.w3.org/Amaya/ - Welcome to Amaya - W3C's Editor/Browser - Amaya is a Web editor, i.e. a tool used to create and update documents directly on the Web. Browsing features are seamlessly integrated with the editing and remote access features in a uniform environment. This follows the original vision of the Web as a space for collaboration and not just a one-way publishing medium.

AspectXML - http://www.aspectxml.org/ - Community Open Source Project.

Chiba - http://chiba.sourceforge.net/ - Chiba is an Open Source Java Implementation of the W3C XForms standard 'that represents the next generation of forms for the Web'.

DataDirect XQuery - http://www.datadirect.com/products/xquery/index.ssp.

DBpedia - http://dbpedia.org/About - is a community effort to extract structured information from Wikipedia and to make this information available on the Web. DBpedia allows you to ask sophisticated queries against Wikipedia and to link other datasets on the Web to Wikipedia data.

Devon Portal - http://www.devonline.gov.uk/ - Adam Retter is responsible for the use of XML and eXist technologies for this.

EXist - http://exist.sourceforge.net/ - Open Source Native XML Database.

FormFaces - http://www.formfaces.com/main.html - XForm - XML Form editing tool Tool.

FormsPlayer - http://www.formsplayer.com/content/index.html - XForm - XML Form editing tool Tool.

IBM XML Research - http://www.alphaworks.ibm.com/xml - Hierarchical Inherited Rule-Interpreted XML is a dynamic XML Engine that creates dynamic DOMs built on dynamic rules and expressions.

Intalio - http://www.intalio.com/products/index.html - Business Process Management System (BPMS) (Uses Orbeon XForms - automates this).

Integrating with business data: Store custom XML in the Office XML formats - Brian Jones: Open XML Formats - I'm Brian Jones, a program manager in Office. I've been working on the XML functionality and file formats in Office for about 6 years now. In this blog, I'll mainly focus on XML in Office and the Open XML File Formats coming in the 2007 Microsoft Office system.

JXTA - http://www.jxta.org/ - JXTA technology is a set of open protocols that allow any connected device on the network ranging from cell phones and wireless PDAs to PCs and servers to communicate and collaborate in a P2P manner. JXTA is the industry-leading P2P technology, supported by over 30,000 members worldwide with downloads exceeding 12 Million. - Project JXTA: A Technology Overview.

Language Technology Group - XML Based Software Applications - The Language Technology Group makes available various software packages. For research purposes, these are often available for free to academic research groups and for a small fee to industrial R&D groups.

MetaL - http://www.meta-language.net/ - MetaL: An XML based Meta-Programming language.

NASA Taxonomy - http://nasataxonomy.jpl.nasa.gov/ - The NASA taxonomy provides first steps towards the unification of the NASA information space by documenting a high level set of terms that can be used for mapping together varying data structures. Reconciliation of terms and topics is essential to understanding NASA discoveries in a larger context. - Current Version - http://nasataxonomy.jpl.nasa.gov/2.0/.

NASA XML Project - http://xml.nasa.gov/ - Government, industry, and academia are all embracing XML as a technology that will assist in the sharing and reuse of information. Virtually all major software vendors have made XML an important part of their product offerings. The capability to easily exchange data across diverse computer hardware, operating systems, and applications in a simple yet standards-compliant manner is extremely valuable to an organization like NASA.

Orbeon - http://www.orbeon.com/ - Orbeon XForms Presentation Server.

OpenLaszlo - http://www.laszlosystems.com/developers/OpenLaszlo - Developer Zone.

QSEE Technologies - QSEE Technologies - Modelling Tools.

QSEE use at UWE CEMS - QSEE at CEMS - Chris Wallace.

RELAX NG home page - http://relaxng.org/ - RELAX NG is a schema language for XML. The RELAX NG specifications have been developed within OASIS by the RELAX NG Technical Committee.

Schematron - http://www.schematron.com/ - February 2007 - Beta Ant Task for Schematron available. Documentation (PDF) also available. The project is sponsored by Allette Systems and Topologi Pty. Ltd. and will be available under an OSS license. Programmers: Christophe Lauret and Willi Ekasalim.

Simkin - http://www.simkin.co.uk/ - A high-level lightweight embeddable scripting language which works with Java or C++ and XML.

Spacecraft Markup Language - http://www.interfacecontrol.com/sml/sml/mainpage.htm - Interface & Control Systems Inc.

W3C Math Home - http://www.w3.org/Math/Overview.html - What is MathML? - MathML 2.0, a W3C Recommendation was released on 21 Feb 2001. A product of the W3C Math working group, MathML is a low-level specification for describing mathematics as a basis for machine to machine communication. It provides a much needed foundation for the inclusion of mathematical expressions in Web pages.

Web Modeling Language (WebML): a modeling language for designing Web sites - http://www9.org/w9cdrom/177/177.html - Stefano Ceri, Piero Fraternali, Aldo Bongio - Designing and maintaining Web applications is one of the major challenges for the software industry of the year 2000. In this paper we present Web Modeling Language (WebML), a notation for specifying complex Web sites at the conceptual level.

XML Writer - http://sourceforge.net/projects/xml-writer/ - The XML Writer libraries make it easy for applications to create well-formed XML documents by handling all of the low-level lexical details like tag creation and character escaping. There are currently libraries available for Java and Perl.

XQuery Wikibook - XQuery Examples Collection - http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/XQuery - This is a collaborative project and we encourage everyone who is using XQuery to contribute their XQuery examples.

XSL Transformations (XSLT) in Mozilla - http://www.mozilla.org/projects/xslt/ - Mozilla XSLT transformation within the Browser.

Xtract: a 'grep'-like tool for XML documents - http://www.cs.york.ac.uk/fp/Xtract/ - Xtract is a command-line tool for searching XML and HTML documents.

Articles/Tutorials

A Theory of Compatible Versions - http://www.xml.com/lpt/a/1684 - XML.com - David Orchard - December 20, 2006.

AIML - Artificial Intelligence Markup Language http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AIML - Wikipedia.

AIML <-> OWL ?? - http://www.mendicott.com/2007/12/aiml-owl.html - Marcus L Endicott Artificial Intelligence (AI), Semantic Web & Web 3.0 in Travel & Tourism - Since I posted my original query to the pandorabots-general list in July, I'm beginning to understand the concepts involved a little better, thanks also to replies from this group and others, such as the protege-owl list. - In a comment to my recent blog entry ("I'm dreaming of RSS in => AIML out"), Jean-Claude Morand has mentioned that RSS 1.0 would probably be more conducive to conversion into RDF or AIML than RSS 2.0. He also mentioned that the Dublin Core metadata standard may eventually overtake RSS in primacy. - 30 December 2007.

AJAX does not compete with XForms ! - http://blogs.nuxeo.com/sections/blogs/eric_barroca/2005_09_05_ajax-does-not-compete - Eric Barroca - I've read and heard several time things like "XForms is not ready, let's use AJAX", "Why use XForms instead of AJAX?", "AJAX is simpler than XForms", "Let's do AJAX now and XForms later", etc. Well I really don't think AJAX should be considered as a competitor of XForms. They don't address same issues and offer same features. They are complementary, not competitors !

Are Server-Side XForms Engines the Future of XForms? - http://www.idealliance.org/proceedings/xtech05/papers/03-08-03/ - Erik Bruchez - XTech 2005 Conference.

AspectXML - http://www.aspectxml.org/ - Community Open Source Project.

B2B Integration Trends: Message Formats - Alternatives Grow, But EDI Standards Remain The Leading Option For B2B Messaging - http://www.xmlconverters.com/products/forrester.html# - This is the first document in the "B2B Trends 2007" series. - July 6, 2007 - by Ken Vollmer with Mike Gilpin and Jacqueline Stone - Electronic data interchange (EDI) technology gained wide acceptance by providing basic electronic document exchange capability that was crucial to enterprises in many sectors. This technology was well suited to dealing with highly structured data that did not change frequently. However, today’s B2B scenarios require more flexibility, especially when dealing with growing demands for support for process improvement efforts across the entire value chain. This is leading to increased adoption of multiple XML-based B2B options.

BBC Technology news - Microsoft's standards bid stalled - http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/technology/7445956.stm - Four countries have appealed against a decision to fast-track the global standardisation of a Microsoft document format, called OpenXML. - Brazil, India, South Africa and Venezuela have complained that there was not enough time given to discuss improvements to the format. - The format is used for spreadsheets, charts, presentations and word processing documents. - Critics claim it is not fully compatible with other document formats. - The ratification of OpenXML would be an important seal of approval for Microsoft, which has long been taken to task for its failure to embrace open standards. - Government bodies would be more likely to adopt the standard if it had an "open" rubber stamp as many are concerned that storing documents in a proprietary format could cause problems for future archiving. - 10 June 2008.

EXist in the Faculty - Chris Wallace - Prague XML Conference - http://www.cems.uwe.ac.uk/~cjwallac/NXD/XMLPrague.ppt - Conference Presentation - Powerpoint - 18th June 2006.

EXSLT Library - http://www.exslt.org/ - EXSLT is a community initiative to provide extensions to XSLT.

How microformats relate to custom XML - http://blogs.msdn.com/brian_jones/ - Brian Jones: Open XML Formats.

IBM - Thinking XML: Basic XML and RDF techniques for knowledge management, Part 1 - http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/xml/library/x-think4/index.html - Generate RDF using XSLT - Uche Ogbuji - 01 Jul 2001.

IBM - Thinking XML: Basic XML and RDF techniques for knowledge management, Part 2 - http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/xml/library/x-think5/index.html - Combining files into an RDF model, and basic RDF querying - Uche Ogbuji - 01 Jul 2001.

I'm dreaming of RSS in => AIML out - http://www.mendicott.com/2007/12/im-dreaming-of-rss-in-aiml-out.html - Marcus L Endicott Artificial Intelligence (AI), Semantic Web & Web 3.0 in Travel & Tourism - I am still trying to get my head around the relationship between chatbots and the Semantic Web, or Web 3.0.... Any thoughts or comments on the precise nature of this relationship are welcome. - Converting from VKB back into AIML was my first crash course in working with XML dialects.... Since then the old lightbulb has gone off, or rather "on" I should say, and it suddenly dawned on me that the whole hullabaloo about Web 2.0 largely centers on the exchange of metadata, most often in the form of RSS, another XML dialect. - I was really stoked to learn of the work of Eric Freese, apparently processing logic using the Jena framework then manually(?) converting that RDF into AIML; however, I continue to wait for word of his "Semetag/AIMEE" example at http://www.semetag.com . - My understanding is that it is quite do-able, as in off the shelf, to pull RSS into a database and accumulate it there.... Could such a database of RSS not be used as a potential knowledgebase for a chatbot? - 22 December 2007.

In Today's World of AJAX and Flex, Is XML Past Its Prime? - http://xml.sys-con.com/read/316504.htm - XML Journal - Is XML Overrated? - Andrew Powell - Feb. 9, 2007.

Index-driven XQuery processing in the eXist XML database - http://www.cems.uwe.ac.uk/xmldb/xmlprague06.xml.

IPGems - User-Centered Design and Usability for XML and e-Government - http://www.ipgems.com/present/xmlwg03-2004ucd.pdf - Duane Degler, IPGems - XML Working Group, March 17, 2004.

M. David Peterson - User Driven Programming and AspectXML - O'Reilly Blog.

Metaphorical Web - http://www.xforms.org/metaweb/ - Mental Perambulations by Kurt Cagle - What is the Metaphorical Web? - A Statement of Purpose.

Microformats.org - http://microformats.org/ - What are microformats? - Designed for humans first and machines second, microformats are a set of simple, open data formats built upon existing and widely adopted standards.

Microsoft opens up on file styles - http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/technology/5153350.stm - BBC News Technology - 6 July 2006.

Native XML Databases for Information Systems - Chris Wallace - XQuery Workshop April 2006.

OGC and OASIS Announce Progress on Standards Cooperation - http://www.oasis-open.org/news/oasis-news-2008-03-12.php - March 12, 2008 - OASIS, one of the world's largest XML application standards organizations, and OGC, the largest GeoSpatial consortium, announced progress in collaboration on a number of intersecting standards between the two organizations, including support for ebRIM in conjunction with the OGC Web Services (OWS), among other areas.

Orbeon Blog - http://www.orbeon.com/blog/XForms - XForms Everywhere.

Periodic Table: built with Flash, XML, webMathematica - http://www.galaxygoo.org/biochem/PeriodicTable.htm - GalaxyGoo - This project demonstrates the combination of Flash(MX), XML, and webMathematica. - In the flash application, cells for each element are dynamically generated and arranged on the stage. Basic information about each element (the atomic number, element symbol, and element name) is passed to the flash application from an XML document, and displayed. - by Kristin Henry and Brian Higgins.

PMXML - http://www.cems.uwe.ac.uk/amrc/seeds/PeterHale/PMXML.htm.

Process Specification Language (PSL) Page - http://www.cems.uwe.ac.uk/amrc/seeds/PeterHale/ProcessSpecificationLanguage.htm.

Profiling XML Schema - O'Reilly XML.com - Paul Kiel - September 20, 2006.

Questions for Microsoft on open formats - http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/technology/6291124.stm - After Microsoft announced it would work with the UK National Archives to help open old digital document formats, Georg Greve and Joachim Jakobs, of the Free Software Foundation Europe, question the US giant's motives. - BBC News Technology - 11 July 2007.

Simkin: A Scripting Language for XML - http://www.developer.com/java/other/article.php/630111 - Benoît Marchal.

Site Point - A Really, Really, Really Good Introduction to XML - Tom Myer - August 24th 2005

STEPml Information - http://www.cems.uwe.ac.uk/amrc/seeds/PeterHale/STEPml.htm.

Stylus Studio - Building Workflow Applications with XML and XQuery - Dr Michael Kay.

Stylus Studio - Learn XQuery in 10 Minutes - Dr Michael Kay.

Techniques for Authoring Complex XML Documents - http://wam.inrialpes.fr/publications/2004/DocEng2004VQIV.html - DocEng 2004 - ACM Symposium on Document Engineering Milwaukee October 28-30 - This paper reviews the main innovations of XML and considers their impact on the editing techniques for structured documents.

The future of XML - How will you use XML in years to come? - http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/library/x-xml2008prevw.html - IBM Developer Works - Elliotte Rusty Harold - Adjunct Professor, Polytechnic University - 05 Feb 2008 - Elliotte Rusty Harold prognosticates what he thinks is in store for XML. - The wheels of progress turn slowly, but turn they do. The crystal ball might be a little hazy, but the outline of XML's future is becoming clear. The exact time line is a tad uncertain, but where XML is going isn't. XML's future lies with the Web, and more specifically with Web publishing. - It seems a little funny to have to say that. After all, isn't publishing what the Web is about? The Web was designed first and foremost as a mechanism to publish information. What else can it do? Quite a lot. The last three years have seen an explosion of interest in Web applications that go far beyond traditional Web sites. Word processors, spreadsheets, games, diagramming tools, and more are all migrating into the browser. This trend will only accelerate in the coming year as local storage in Web browsers makes it increasingly possible to work offline. But XML is still firmly grounded in Web 1.0 publishing, and that's still very important.

The Next Web? - http://www.xml.com/pub/a/2006/03/15/next-web-xhtml2-ajax.html - Simon St Laurent 17 March 2006.

The XSLDataGrid: XSLT Rocks Ajax - O'Reilly XML.com - Lindsey Simon.

Thinking XML: The XML decade - http://www-128.ibm.com/developerworks/library/x-think38.html?ca=dgr-lnxw01XMLDecade - IBM - Uche Ogbuji, Principal Consultant, Fourthought Inc.14 Nov 2006.

Towards Active Web Clients - http://wam.inrialpes.fr/publications/2005/DocEng05-Quint.html - DocEng 2005 - ACM Symposium on Document Engineering - 2-4 November 2005 - Bristol, United Kingdom. - Recent developments of document technologies have strongly impacted the evolution of Web clients over the last fifteen years, but all Web clients have not taken the same advantage of this advance. In particular, mainstream tools have put the emphasis on accessing existing documents to the detriment of a more cooperative usage of the Web. However, in the early days, Web users were able to go beyond browsing and to get more actively involved.

Understanding XML - The Latest from XML.com - An XML Renaissance? - http://www.oreillynet.com/xml/newsletters/041808-xml-news.html?CMP=NLC-otx_nlrs_2html - by Kurt Cagle, Managing Editor, xml.com - I just got off the phone with Simon St. Laurent, a friend and co-editor at O'Reilly (and a long time XML guru), and as we talked, he mentioned his sense that XML is, after several years of largely stagnating, going through something of a renaissance - a rebirth, not a period where people where elaborate circular collars, dress in tights and paint pictures of cherubs (though they may be doing that too, although if they are, I've seen thankfully very little evidence). - April 17, 2008.

Views from Abroad: Simkin, A New Breed of Scripting Language - http://www.developer.com/java/article.php/771841 - Benoît Marchal.

W3C XML 10 Years - http://www.w3.org/2008/xml10/ - W3C XML 10 Years - There is essentially no computer in the world, desktop, handheld, or backroom, that doesn't process XML sometimes... Tim Bray; read more in the press release - On 10 February 1998, W3C published Extensible Markup Language (XML) 1.0 as a W3C Recommendation. W3C would like to thank the dedicated communities -- including people who have participated in W3C's XML groups and mailing lists, the SGML community, and xml-dev -- whose efforts have created a successful family of technologies based on the solid XML 1.0 foundation.

Warning of data ticking time bomb - http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/technology/6265976.stm - BBC News Technology - The growing problem of accessing old digital file formats is a "ticking time bomb", the chief executive of the UK National Archives has warned. - 3 July 2007.

Why Ajax isn't Web 2 - http://annevankesteren.nl/2005/05/ajax - Anne van Kesteren.

Why XForms Matter, Revisited - http://www.oreillynet.com/xml/blog/2006/03/why_xforms_matter_revisited.html - Kurt Cagle - March 19, 2006 - A profound change is likely about to shake up your world if you're a web developer, one that I suspect will make the recent efforts in the AJAX space pale in comparison as far as its effect. Very quietly, over the last few weeks, the Mozilla team has been upgrading their XForms capabilities through the use of an XForms extension.

XForms: an Alternative to Ajax? - http://xtech06.usefulinc.com/schedule/paper/133 - XTech 2006: Building Web 2.0 16-19 May 2006, Amsterdam, The Netherlands - At last year's XTech 2005 conference, we introduced server-side XForms as the most promising way of making XForms a reality on the web in the short-term. In this year's paper, we discuss how the promise of bringing the capabilities of XForms to today's deployed web browsers has materialized with open source Ajax-based implementations.

XForms meets Ajax: Can they get along? - http://searchwebservices.techtarget.com/originalContent/0,289142,sid26_gci1174466,00.html - Web Services News: By Rich Seeley, News Writer 21 Mar 2006.

XML and XQuery examples - http://www.xquery.com/examples/xml/ - XQuery DataDirect.

XML Journal - http://xml.sys-con.com/ - The World's First and Only Dedicated XML Magazine !

XML Matters: The Web ain't just for 2D any more - http://www-128.ibm.com/developerworks/xml/library/x-matters43/?ca=dgr-lnxw06VRML-X3D - Born-again VRML makes the Web safe for 3D - Dethe Elza - Senior Technical Architect, Blast Radius - 15 Dec 2005.

XML People - http://www.tbray.org/ongoing/When/200x/2008/02/10/XML-People - XML is ten years old today. It feels like yesterday, or a lifetime. I wrote this that year (1998). It’s really long. - The title was originally Good Luck and Internet Plumbing but the filename was "XML-People" and I decided I liked that better. I never got around to publishing it, so why not now? - Remember, it's ten years old; some of the people and companies are in different places now. [Update: In the comments, John Cowan writes Where Are They Now?.] - Fevruary 2008.

XQuery 1.0 Reaches Official Recommendation Status with W3C - http://xml.sys-con.com/read/328176.htm - XML query language takes another Great Leap Forward - XML Journal - XML News Desk Jan 26, 2007.

XQuery Wikibook - XQuery Examples Collection - http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/XQuery - This is a collaborative project and we encourage everyone who is using XQuery to contribute their XQuery examples.

XQueryP: An XML Application Development Language - http://2006.xmlconference.org/programme/presentations/38.html - XML 2006 - December 4-7 2006.

XTech Conference - Building Rich, Encapsulated Widgets Using XBL, XForms and SVG - Mark Birbeck, x-port.net Ltd.

Geographical Markup (GML)

Geography Markup Language - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geography_Markup_Language - The Geography Markup Language (GML) is the XML grammar defined by the Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) to express geographical features. GML serves as a modeling language for geographic systems as well as an open interchange format for geographic transactions on the Internet.

Google Earth - KML - http://earth.google.com/kml/ - A 3D interface to the planet.

Google Earth - KML Samples - http://earth.google.com/kml/kml_tut.html - If you're new to KML, explore this document and the accompanying KML Samples file to begin learning about the basic structure of a KML file and the most commonly used tags.

KML - Keyhole Markup Language - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keyhole_Markup_Language - KML (Keyhole Markup Language) is an XML-based language for managing three-dimensional geospatial data in the program Google Earth, Google Maps and Google Mobile.

Kurt Cagle

http://www.oreillynet.com/xml/blog/2007/04/chaos_storms_and_metamagicians.html - Chaos Storms and Metamagicians - April 22, 2007 - Meta Software - O'Reilly XML.com.

I Think, Therefore I eXist ... - Sunday September 17 - O'Reilly XML.com.

Metaphorical Web - http://www.xforms.org/metaweb/ - Mental Perambulations by Kurt Cagle - What is the Metaphorical Web? - A Statement of Purpose.

http://www.xml.com/lpt/a/1696 - O'Reilly XML.com - The Future of XSLT 2.0 - recently wrote a weblog entry about the directions that I saw with XML, and while it has proved to be fairly popular, it has also generated a fair number of comments that really deserve more detailed examination. One of these comments - and one that I've been planning to write about for a while anyway, has to do with my statement that XSLT 2.0 is increasingly being used as a "router" language, replacing such applications as Microsoft's BizTalk Server. - Kurt Cagle - March 21, 2007.

http://xml.sys-con.com/read/307584.htm - The Future of AJAX is. . .XML? XML Journal - Kurt Cagle To Speak at AJAXWorld Conference & Expo 2007 East in New York City - Jan. 12, 2007.

Understanding XForms:Components - O'Reilly XML.com - June 23 2006.

Understanding XForms:Events and Actions - O'Reilly XML.com - August 2nd 2006.

Understanding XML.

http://www.oreillynet.com/xml/newsletters/041808-xml-news.html?CMP=NLC-otx_nlrs_2html - Understanding XML - O'Reilly XML.com - The Latest from XML.com - An XML Renaissance? - by Kurt Cagle, Managing Editor, xml.com - I just got off the phone with Simon St. Laurent, a friend and co-editor at O'Reilly (and a long time XML guru), and as we talked, he mentioned his sense that XML is, after several years of largely stagnating, going through something of a renaissance - a rebirth, not a period where people where elaborate circular collars, dress in tights and paint pictures of cherubs (though they may be doing that too, although if they are, I've seen thankfully very little evidence). - April 17, 2008.

Where is XML Going?.

http://www.oreillynet.com/xml/blog/2007/03/xforms_vs_ruby_a_rebuttal_sort.html - xforms vs. ruby - a rebuttal (sort of) - Adriaan de Jonge's article Xforms vs. Ruby on Rails has created quite a stir in both the XML and Ruby communities, and for good reason. He asked a fairly important question - are XForms an also-ran technology that Ruby has managed to supplant? - O'Reilly XML.com - March 30, 2007.

http://www.xml.com/pub/a/2007/08/16/xforms-xml-schema-and-rox.html - XForms, XML Schema, and ROX - Kurt Cagle introduces ROX Server, a RESTful system for deriving XForms from XML Schemas and instance data. - O'Reilly XML.com - August 17, 2007.

http://www.xml.com/pub/a/2007/07/12/xquery-and-data-abstraction.html - XQuery and Data Abstraction - O'Reilly XML.com - July 12, 2007.

http://www.xml.com/pub/a/2007/06/01/xquery-the-server-language.html - XQuery, the Server Language - O'Reilly XML.com - June 06, 2007.

O'Reilly XML.com Articles

O'Reilly XML.com - XML Articles.

O'Reilly XML.com - XML News.

O'Reilly XML.com - http://www.xml.com/pub/a/2007/04/11/a-smoother-change-to-version-20.html - A Smoother Change to Version 2.0 - Marc de Graauw - April 11, 2007.

O'Reilly XML.com - http://www.oreillynet.com/xml/blog/2005/09/part_3_assets_atom_feeds_and_a.html - AspectXML - [Part 3] Assets, Atom Feeds, and AspectXML - The Triple Threat of Web Development? - M. David Peterson - Part 1 - Part 2.

O'Reilly XML.com - http://www.oreillynet.com/xml/blog/2007/04/chaos_storms_and_metamagicians.html - Chaos Storms and Metamagicians - April 22, 2007 - Meta Software - by Kurt Cagle.

O'Reilly XML.com - http://www.oreillynet.com/xml/blog/2007/01/david_orchards_theory_of_compa.html - David Orchard's Theory of Compatible Versions - Rick Jelliffe - January 1, 2007.

O'Reilly XML.com - http://www.xml.com/pub/a/2003/08/06/x3d.html - Extensible 3D: XML Meets VRML - Len Bullard - August 06, 2003.

O'Reilly XML.com - http://www.oreillynet.com/xml/blog/2007/01/fake_realtime_blog_from_xml_20_2.html - Rick Jelliffe, Fake real-time blog from XML 2006: Job Bosak's closing keynote Job Bosak's closing keynote - January 13, 2007.

O'Reilly XML.com - http://www.xml.com/pub/a/2002/01/09/q-and-a.html - From Excel to XML - John E. Simpson January 09, 2002.

O'Reilly XML.com - http://www.xml.com/pub/a/2001/02/14/functional.html - Functional Programming and XML - Bijan Parsia - February 14, 2001.

O'Reilly XML.com - http://www.xml.com/pub/a/2002/12/23/xquery.html - Generating XML and HTML using XQuery - Per Bothner - December 23, 2002.

O'Reilly XML.Com - http://www.xml.com/pub/a/2005/05/31/electionmaps.html - Hacking Election Maps with XML and MapServer - Simon St. Laurent - May 31, 2005.

O'Reilly XML.com - http://www.xml.com/pub/a/2006/10/11/introducing-open-laszlo.html - Introducing OpenLaszlo - Sreekumar Parameswaran Pillai - October 11, 2006.

O'Reilly XML.com - http://www.xml.com/lpt/a/1708 - Introducing OpenSearch - OpenSearch was originally developed at Amazon.com's A9 incubator. It's a specification under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, covering discovery and description documents for search engines, expression of queries, and the convention of RSS 2.0 or Atom Web feed results. - Uche Ogbuji - July 24, 2007.

O'Reilly XML.com - http://www.xml.com/pub/a/2007/01/10/is-xml-20-under-development.html - Is XML 2.0 Under Development? - Micah Dubinko - January 10, 2007.

O'Reilly XML.com - http://www.oreillynet.com/xml/blog/2007/03/is_xml_doomed.html - Is XML Doomed? - Kurt Cagle - March 14, 2007.

O'Reilly XML.com - http://www.xml.com/pub/a/2007/10/10/jquery-and-xml.html - jQuery and XML - Whether you're an admirer of AJAX, or one who can't stand all the hype, if you're a web developer you must admit that it's proven very useful in driving explosive competition among JavaScript utility libraries. And the embarrassment of riches keeps on growing. jQuery emerged a couple of years ago to great acclaim for its performance, elegant design, and handy features, and now it's one of the most popular JavaScript frameworks. - Uche Ogbuji - October 15, 2007.

O'Reilly XML.com - http://www.oreillynet.com/xml/blog/2007/01/limited_exslt_support_in_mozil.html - Limited EXSLT Support in Mozilla Firefox 3.0 - January 30, 2007 - Kurt Cagle.

O'Reilly XML.com - http://www.xml.com/pub/a/2007/01/17/making-xml-in-a-rails-app-xml-builder.html - Making XML in a Rails App - Deepak Vohra - January 17, 2007.

O'Reilly XML.com - http://www.xml.com/pub/a/2006/11/01/migrating-to-xforms-php.html - Migrating to XForms - Paul Sobocinski - November 01, 2006.

O'Reilly XML.com - http://www.xml.com/lpt/a/2001/08/22/uml.html - Modeling XML Vocabularies with UML: Part I - Dave Carlson August 22, 2001.

O'Reilly XML.com - http://www.xml.com/lpt/a/2000/03/29/tutorial/index.html - On Display: XML Web Pages with Mozilla - Simon St. Laurent - March 29, 2000.

O'Reilly XML.com - http://www.xml.com/lpt/a/1715 - Parsing Microformats - Microformats are a way to embed specific semantic data into the HTML that we use today. One of the first questions an XML guru might ask is "Why use HTML when XML lets you create the same semantics?" I won't go into all the reasons XML might be a better or worse choice for encoding data or why microformats have chosen to use HTML as their encoding base. This article will focus more on how to extract microformats data from the HTML, how the basic parsing rules work, and how they differ from XML. - Brian Suda - September 04, 2007.

O'Reilly XML.com - http://www.oreillynet.com/xml/blog/2007/03/roundtripping_er_and_other_abs.html - Representing ER models (and other abstractions) in ISO Schematron - Rick Jelliffe - March 22, 2007.

O'Reilly XML.com - http://www.xml.com/lpt/a/2006/06/14/scaling-up-with-xquery-part-1.html - Scaling Up with XQuery, Part 1 - Bob DuCharme - June 14, 2006.

O'Reilly XML.com - http://www.xml.com/lpt/a/2006/06/21/scaling-up-with-xquery-part-2.html - Scaling Up with XQuery, Part 2 - Bob DuCharme - June 21, 2006.

O'Reilly XML.com - http://www.xml.com/pub/a/2007/01/03/the-xquery-chimera-takes-center-stage.html - The XQuery Chimera Takes Center Stage - Simon St. Laurent - January 03, 2007.

O'Reilly XML.com - http://www.oreillynet.com/xml/blog/2006/10/three_ways_of_writing_xml_tran.html - Three ways of writing XML transformation programs - Rick Jelliffe - October 9, 2006.

O'Reilly XML.com - http://www.oreillynet.com/xml/blog/2006/12/through_a_glass_darkly_predict.html - Through a Glass Darkly - Predictions Past and Future - Kurt Cagle - December 31, 2006.

O'Reilly XML.com - http://www.oreillynet.com/xml/newsletters/041808-xml-news.html?CMP=NLC-otx_nlrs_2html - Understanding XML - The Latest from XML.com - An XML Renaissance? - by Kurt Cagle, Managing Editor, xml.com - I just got off the phone with Simon St. Laurent, a friend and co-editor at O'Reilly (and a long time XML guru), and as we talked, he mentioned his sense that XML is, after several years of largely stagnating, going through something of a renaissance - a rebirth, not a period where people where elaborate circular collars, dress in tights and paint pictures of cherubs (though they may be doing that too, although if they are, I've seen thankfully very little evidence). - April 17, 2008.

O'Reilly XML.com - http://www.oreillynet.com/xml/blog/2007/04/validating_concurrent_and_inte.html - Validating concurrent and interrupted elements in XML with Schematron - Rick Jelliffe - Tuesday April 24, 2007.

O'Reilly XML.com - http://www.oreillynet.com/xml/blog/2007/04/which_xml_technologies_are_bea.html - Which XML technologies are beautiful? - Michael Day - April 3, 2007.

O'Reilly XML.com - http://www.xml.com/lpt/a/1718 - XForms Thick Clients - By Jack Cox - October 19, 2007 - All designers and developers face the problems of vague requirements, poorly defined data models, and last minute requirement changes. These sad facts of life drive some developers to embrace a document-driven architecture,but this approach usually breaks down when confronted with an environment that includes non-network attached devices that necessitate a thick-client application. This article describes the components and techniques for building a document-driven, thick-client application using XForms that operates on a non-network attached system.

O'Reilly XML.com - http://www.oreillynet.com/xml/blog/2007/03/xforms_vs_ruby_a_rebuttal_sort.html - xforms vs. ruby - a rebuttal (sort of)- Kurt Cagle - Adriaan de Jonge's article Xforms vs. Ruby on Rails has created quite a stir in both the XML and Ruby communities, and for good reason. He asked a fairly important question - are XForms an also-ran technology that Ruby has managed to supplant? - March 30, 2007.

O'Reilly XML.com - http://www.xml.com/pub/a/2007/08/16/xforms-xml-schema-and-rox.html - XForms, XML Schema, and ROX - Kurt Cagle introduces ROX Server, a RESTful system for deriving XForms from XML Schemas and instance data. - Kurt Cagle - August 17, 2007.

O'Reilly XML.com - http://www.xml.com/pub/a/2005/11/23/xml-2005-tipping-sacred-cows.html - XML 2005: Tipping Sacred Cows - Micah Dubinko - November 23, 2005.

O'Reilly XML.com - http://www.oreillynet.com/xml/newsletters/032108-xml-news.html?CMP=NLC-otx_nlrs_2html - XML Xtra from O'Reilly Network - Understanding XML - The Tao of XML - One of the challenges that XML has evidenced over the last decade has been its very chameleon-like nature. Is it a way to describe a document or of encoding data? Is it the foundation of a language for performing remote procedure calls or a way of retrieving news feeds? Was it intended to be used for creating process or as a formal declaration of state? The answer to all of these questions is, of course, "yes." And therein lays the dilemma. March 21st 2008 - Kurt Cagle.

O'Reilly XML.com - http://www.oreillynet.com/xml/blog/2007/03/does_anyone_use_utf32_anyone_a.html - XML parsing, state machines and UTF-32 - March 7, 2007 -Michael Day.

O'Reilly XML.com - http://www.xml.com/pub/a/2007/07/12/xquery-and-data-abstraction.html - XQuery and Data Abstraction - by Kurt Cagle - July 12, 2007.

O'Reilly XML.com - http://www.xml.com/pub/a/2007/06/01/xquery-the-server-language.html - XQuery, the Server Language - Kurt Cagle - June 06, 2007.

O'Reilly XML.com - http://www.xml.com/pub/a/2007/01/31/xul-enhanced-web-apps.html - XUL-Enhanced Web Apps - Cedric Savarese - February 06, 2007.

UWE Articles

Chris Wallace - Native XML Databases in Information Systems.

Christophe Bru - http://www.cems.uwe.ac.uk/~cbru/ - SVG and XML based visualisation examples.

XForms Articles/Tutorials

The advantage of XForms is that it creates a dynamic HTML form without having the maintenance headache of maintaining underlying JavaScript or Java code, or really knowing or caring how the HTML is produced. It is also possible to keep testing the XML files, Stylesheets and Schema to ensure they are all working properly together.

XForms Articles - Tutorials - http://www.cems.uwe.ac.uk/amrc/seeds/Ajax/ajax.htm#XForms.

Technical Publication - and XML

Adobe Mars Project - http://labs.adobe.com/downloads/mars.html - Wiki - http://labs.adobe.com/wiki/index.php/Mars. - Mars is the code name for technology being developed by Adobe that provides an Extensible Markup Language (XML)-based representation of Portable Document Format (PDF) documents.

Cover Pages - http://xml.coverpages.org/CambridgeDocs-xDoc.html - CambridgeDocs' xDoc XML Converter - Boston, MA, USA. January 14, 2003.

DocBook.org - http://www.docbook.org - This is the official home page for DocBook: The Definitive Guide. The definitive guide, written by Norman Walsh and Leonard Muellner.

DocBook Elements in the Wild - http://www.oreillynet.com/xml/blog/2007/05/docbook_elements_in_the_wild.html - May 1, 2007 - Keith Fahlgren - DocBook in the Wild: A Look at Newer Content - http://www.oreillynet.com/xml/blog/2007/05/docbook_elements_in_the_wild_a.html - May 7, 2007.

IBM - http://www-128.ibm.com/developerworks/xml/library/x-dita1/ - Introduction to the Darwin Information Typing Architecture - Toward portable technical information - Don Day, Michael Priestley, David Schell - 01 Mar 2001 - Updated 28 Sep 2005.

Koala Publishing - http://www.koalapub.co.uk/contactdetails.asp?download=DITA - DITA - an innovative means of structuring content? Presentation at the Doku + Medien Forum 2006 Zindel AG.

Koala Publishing - http://www.koalapub.co.uk/contactdetails.asp?download=IPC_White_Paper - Illustrated Parts Catalogues.

Koala Publishing - http://www.koalapub.co.uk/contactdetails.asp?download=Introduction%20to%20XML%20Documentation - Intoduction to XML Documentation.

Koala Publishing - http://www.koalapub.co.uk/contactdetails.asp?download=DTD%20Control - Managing a DTD.

Koala Publishing - http://www.koalapub.co.uk/contactdetails.asp?download=Native%20XML%20Document%20Reviewing - Native XML Document Reviewing.

Koala Publishing - http://www.koalapub.co.uk/contactdetails.asp?download=SchemaLanguages - Of Schemas, DTDs and related topics.

Koala Publishing - http://www.koalapub.co.uk/contactdetails.asp?download=Reusing%20documents - Reusing Documents.

Koala Publishing - http://www.koalapub.co.uk/thankyou.asp?download=Introduction%20to%20S1000d - S1000D - An Introduction - S1000D is an independent standard used by major aerospace and defence organisations around the world.

Koala Publishing - http://www.koalapub.co.uk/contactdetails.asp?download=S1000D_Benefits - S1000D - Benefits.

Koala Publishing - http://www.koalapub.co.uk/contactdetails.asp?download=Native%20XML%20Document%20Reviewing - Simplifying Document Draft/Review/Publish Cycles.

Koala Publishing - http://www.koalapub.co.uk/contactdetails.asp?download=Introduction%20to%20XML%20documentation - Using XML to Manage Structured Information.

Koala Publishing - http://www.koalapub.co.uk/contactdetails.asp?download=Reusing%20documents - What XML Does for You: Part 1 - Reusing Documents.

Koala Publishing - http://www.koalapub.co.uk/contactdetails.asp?download=Searching%20document%20sets - What XML Does for You: Part 2 - Searchability - Searching Document Sets.

Koala Publishing - http://www.koalapub.co.uk/contactdetails.asp?download=Multi%20channel%20publishing - What XML Does for You: Part 3 - Multi channel publishing.

Oasis - http://www.oasis-open.org/committees/tc_home.php?wg_abbrev=dita - OASIS Darwin Information Typing Architecture (DITA) TC.

Oasis - Members Approve WS-Context as OASIS Standard - http://www.oasis-open.org/news/oasis-news-2007-04-25.php - Boston, MA, USA; 25 April 2007 -- OASIS, the international standards consortium, today announced that its members have approved Web Services Context (WS-Context) version 1.0 as an OASIS Standard, a status that signifies the highest level of ratification.

O'Reilly XML.com - http://www.xml.com/lpt/a/1692 - OAXAL: Open Architecture for XML Authoring and Localization - Andrzej Zydron - February 21, 2007.

PDFtoHTML - http://sourceforge.net/projects/pdftohtml/ - Pdftohtml is a tool based on the Xpdf package which translates pdf documents into html format.

Spacecraft Markup Language - http://www.oasis-open.org/cover/spacecraftML.html - Cover pages Spacecraft Markup Language (SML) June 30, 2000.

Spacecraft Markup Language - http://www.interfacecontrol.com/sml/sml/mainpage.htm - Interface & Control Systems Inc.

Wikipedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DITA - Darwin Information Typing Architecture.

W3C GRDDL Recommendation Bridges HTML/Microformats and the Semantic Web. - http://xml.coverpages.org/ni2007-09-13-a.html - The World Wide Web Consortium has announced the publication of Gleaning Resource Descriptions from Dialects of Languages (GRDDL) as a W3C Recommendation, together with a separate GRDDL Test Cases Recommendation. The GRDDL specification represents "an important link between Semantic Web and microformats communities. With GRDDL (pronounced 'griddle'), software can automatically extract information from structured Web pages to make it part of the Semantic Web. Those accustomed to expressing structured data with microformats in XHTML can thus increase the value of their existing data by porting it to the Semantic Web, at very low cost." - News: Cover Stories - September 13, 2007.

World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) - http://www.w3.org/TR/xproc/ - XProc: An XML Pipeline Language W3C Working Draft 17 November 2006.

XForms 1.0 Third Edition Published as a W3C Recommendation. - http://xml.coverpages.org/ni2007-10-30-a.html - W3C has announced the publication of XForms 1.0 (Third Edition) as a W3C Recommendation, signifying that there is significant support for the specification from the Advisory Committee, the W3C Team, W3C Working groups, and the public. - Forms are an important part of the Web, and they continue to be the primary means for enabling interactive Web applications. Web applications and electronic commerce solutions have sparked the demand for better Web forms with richer interactions. XForms 1.0 is the response to this demand, and provides a new platform-independent markup language for online interaction between a person (through an XForms Processor) and another agent, usually remote. - News: Cover Stories - October 30, 2007.

XForms Articles/Tutorials

Language and Tool Mapping

Representation of Equations

Gruber (1993) examines how equations and quantities can be represented in an ontology. Kamareddine et al. (2004) examine how mathematics can be represented in order to make it easier for people to enter well-formed mathematical expressions.

Shim et al. (2002) examine translation from a users' model to equations and explain "converting a decision-makers' specification of a decision problem into an algebraic form and then into a form understandable by an algorithm is a key step in the use of a model". For a practical example the figure below explains the concept for a simple example of the representation of the equation E=MC². This relationship can be defined by the user. Here this is achieved using an ontology tool (Protégé), and this definition can be read directly by Decision support software (Vanguard Studio) that can visualise the information and colour code it. For a more complex example a higher level user interface would be required to enable a user to define the problem, and a translation step to the computer readable model. Units have been left out as the type of equation used and values in it are not important to the concept. The software can translate the source model into a program and calculate results. The result program is then translated again into a result model defined using open standard languages such as XML, and Java for human friendly visualisations viewable as web pages/diagrams.

Translation Process - Equations.

Translation Process - Equations

References

Gruber T. R. 1993, Toward Principles for the Design of Ontologies Used for Knowledge Sharing - http://www2.umassd.edu/SWAgents/agentdocs/stanford/onto-design.pdf - In Formal Ontology in Conceptual Analysis and Knowledge Representation, edited by Nicola Guarino and Roberto Poli, Kluwer Academic Publishers, in press. Substantial revision of paper presented at the International Workshop on Formal Ontology, March, 1993, Padova, Italy. Available as Technical Report KSL 93-04, Knowledge Systems Laboratory, Stanford University.

Kamareddine, F., Maarek, M., Wells, J. B, 2005, Toward an Object-Oriented Structure for Mathematical Text - http://www.macs.hw.ac.uk/~jbw/papers/Kamareddine+Maarek+Wells:Toward-an-Object-Oriented-Structure-for-Mathematical-Text:MKM-2005.pdf - Mathematical Knowledge Management, 4th Int'l Conf., Proceedings, LNCS. Springer-Verlag.

Quint, V., Vatton, I., 2004. Techniques for Authoring Complex XML Documents - http://wam.inrialpes.fr/publications/2004/DocEng2004VQIV.html - DocEng 2004 - ACM Symposium on Document Engineering Milwaukee October 28-30 - This paper reviews the main innovations of XML and considers their impact on the editing techniques for structured documents.

Quint, V., Vatton, I., 2005. Towards Active Web Clients - http://wam.inrialpes.fr/publications/2005/DocEng05-Quint.html - DocEng 2005 - ACM Symposium on Document Engineering - 2-4 November 2005 - Bristol, United Kingdom. - Recent developments of document technologies have strongly impacted the evolution of Web clients over the last fifteen years, but all Web clients have not taken the same advantage of this advance. In particular, mainstream tools have put the emphasis on accessing existing documents to the detriment of a more cooperative usage of the Web. However, in the early days, Web users were able to go beyond browsing and to get more actively involved.

Shim, J.P., Warkentin, M., Courtney, J. F., Power, D J., 2002, Past, present, and future of decision support technology - Decision Support Systems - Volume 33, Issue 2 , June 2002, Pages 111-126.

MathML

MathML is a specification for describing mathematics as a basis for machine to machine communication. It provides a way of including mathematical expressions in Web pages. This is explained at World Wide Web Consortium Math Home (2008). There is support for creation and editing of MathML documents in Amaya (Amaya, 2008), (Quint and Vatton, 2004 and 2005).

MathML and semantics built on this could assist in the process of translating equations/formulae into code by providing an open representation of functions as XML (eXtensible Markup Language). Functions entered by the model developer can then be translated to this open representation and translated to programming languages and/or read by programming languages.

Miller and Baramidze (2005) examine efforts to develop mathematical semantic representations above the syntactical representations of MathML.

References

Miller, J A., Baramidze, G., Simulation and the Semantic Web - 2005. - Proceedings of the 2005 Winter Simulation Conference.

World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) Math Home, 2008. What is MathML? http://www.w3.org/Math/Overview.html.

Links

Coq proof assistant - http://coq.inria.fr/ - Coq is a formal proof management system: a proof done with Coq is mechanically checked by the machine.

End User Programming for Scientists: Modeling Complex Systems - http://drops.dagstuhl.de/opus/volltexte/2007/1077/ - Andrew Begel - Microsoft Research - In: End-User Software Engineering - Dagstuhl Seminar - Summary - http://www.dagstuhl.de/en/program/calendar/semhp/?semnr=2007081 - Margaret M. Burnett, Gregor Engels, Brad A. Myers and Gregg Rothermel - From 18.01.07 to 23.02.07, the Dagstuhl Seminar 07081 End-User Software Engineering was held in the International Conference and Research Center (IBFI), Schloss Dagstuhl.

EquMath.Net - http://equmath.net - EquMath is resource for math lessons from Algebra to Differential Equations!.

Equplus - http://equplus.net - Science and Math Equations.

Mathematica - http://www.wolfram.com/ - Wolfram Research.

Mathematical Functions - Interactive Graph - http://www.richtann.com/2dExamples/graph.html - Richard Tann UWE - An Example using Actionscript to model functions and dynamically redraw according to user interaction.

MathLang: experience-driven development of a new mathematical language - http://citeseer.ist.psu.edu/kamareddine04mathlang.html - F. Kamareddine, et al., 2004 - Abstract: In this paper we report on the design of a new mathematical language and our method of designing it, driven by the encoding of mathematical texts. MathLang is intended to provide support for checking basic well-formedness of mathematical text without requiring the heavy and dicult-to-use machinery of full type theory or other forms of full formalization. At the same time, it is intended to allow the addition of fuller formalization to a document as time and e ort permits.

MathWeb - http://www.mathweb.org - MathWeb.org supplies an infrastructure for web-supported mathematics.

Mizar Project - http://mizar.org/project/ - The Mizar project started around 1973 as an attempt to reconstruct mathematical vernacular in a computer-oriented environment.

OMDoc.org - http://www.omdoc.org/ - OMDoc.org: The OMDoc Portal - OMDoc is a markup format and data model for Open Mathematical Documents. It serves as semantics-oriented representation format and ontology language for mathematical knowledge.

OpenMath - http://www.openmath.org/ - OpenMath is a new, extensible standard for representing the semantics of mathematical objects.

Richard Tann UWE - http://www.richtann.com/2dExamples/graph.html - Mathematical Functions - An Example using Actionscript to model functions and dynamically redraw according to user interaction.

Toward an Object-Oriented Structure for Mathematical Text - http://www.macs.hw.ac.uk/~jbw/papers/Kamareddine+Maarek+Wells:Toward-an-Object-Oriented-Structure-for-Mathematical-Text:MKM-2005.pdf - Kamareddine, F., Maarek, M., Wells, J. B, 2005, Mathematical Knowledge Management, 4th Int'l Conf., Proceedings, LNCS. Springer-Verlag.

Language and Tool Mapping

RuleML

The research of the Rule Markup Initiative is explained here. Rules for the Web have become a mainstream topic since inference rules became important in E-Commerce and the Semantic Web, and since transformation rules were put into practice for document generation from a central XML repository. Rules have continued to play an important role in artificial intelligence, knowledge-based systems, and for intelligent agents. This is now combined with standardisation in XML/RDF enabling use of declarative rules for web services. The Rule Markup Initiative has taken steps towards defining a shared Rule Markup Language (RuleML), enabling both forward (bottom-up) and backward (top-down) rules.

References

RuleML - The Rule Markup Initiative http://www.ruleml.org/.

Language and Tool Mapping

Conferences

Local Events

September 2008

VoCampOxford2008 - http://vocamp.org/wiki/VoCampOxford2008 - Weds 24th and Thurs 25th September 2008. - Wolfson College, Oxford, UK - WhatIsVoCamp - What's the Problem? - Continued growth of the Web of Data/Semantic Web is heavily dependent on the availability of vocabularies/ontologies that can be used to publish data. While a number of key vocabularies are in widespread use, there are also many areas with little or no vocabulary coverage, hindering the ability to publish data in these domains. - What is VoCamp? - VoCamp is a series (hopefully) of informal events where people can spend some dedicated time creating lightweight vocabularies/ontologies for the Semantic Web/Web of Data. The emphasis of the event(s) is not on creating the perfect ontology in a particular domain, but on creating vocabs that are good enough for people to start using for publishing data on the Web. The intention is to follow a "paper first, laptops second" format, where the modelling is done initially on paper and only later committed to code. The VoCamp idea is heavily influenced by BarCamp, although the VoCamp should only have presentations where strictly necessary. - What Next? - The first VoCamp event will take place in Oxford, UK in September 2008 (VoCampOxford2008). But you can run your own VoCamp too...

30 September 2008

Using Open Source and Open Standards to Enable Transformational Government

The Hawthorns, Woodland Road, Clifton, Bristol

British Computer Society BCS Bristol Branch

Transformational Government is intended to be an intensive, structural and fundamental change in the operational processes of Government bodies, enabled by the use of Information Systems & Technology in the back-office. It is expected to deliver major efficiency savings across the public sector without any further investment beyond existing budgets.

What does Transformational Government look like in practice within a Local Authority? How can it be implemented without any additional funding? How can intensely technical subjects like open source and open standards contribute to business change? Gavin Beckett, ICT Strategy Manager at Bristol City Council, will attempt to answer these questions and give an overview of Bristol's successes and challenges to date.

Gavin has been a central figure in Bristol's strategic use of Open Source and Open Standards since 2002; was a founder of the Open Source Academy; and works actively with a variety of EU interest groups and government bodies on the adoption of ODF.

Further Information - http://www.bristol.bcs.org.uk/?q=node/44.

November 2008

Friday 7 November 2008

Extending Collaboration with Social Software

BCS Sociotechnical group South West

University of the West of England - room 2B020 - in B block - http://www.uwe.ac.uk/maps/frenchay_map.shtml - 18:30 for 19:00 start

Paula Dantas Senior IT Specialist for Lotus at IBM UK Ltd

Summary

The days when "Collaboration" meant "E-Mail" are well and truly over. Not only is real time collaboration becoming an accepted part of office life, but it is being extended to deliver Unified Communications and Collaboration.

However this is just the start. Web 2.0 is extending traditional Team Collaboration and Document Sharing solutions with Social Software designed to run within an enterprise and encourage better dissemination of information and faster decision making, as well as empowering employees to deliver the innovation companies need to maintain their competitive advantage.

This session looks at IBM's internal experiences from our research into social software and the impact it is having on the way we do business.

Further Information - http://www.bcs.org/server.php?show=ConWebDoc.20505 - BCS Sociotechnical group South West - http://www.bcs.org/server.php?show=nav.10216.

November 11th 2008

Semantic Web Interest Group - SWIG-UK event

==== SWIG-UK - A Semantic Web Community Event

Hewlett-Packard Bristol

We would like to invite users and developers interested in the semantic web to attend a community event to be held at HP Labs Bristol, UK on Tuesday 11 November 2008. This will be an opportunity for you to meet other users and developers and to share experiences with semantic web applications.

The day will a mixture of discussion, demos, short presentations, with a few longer presentations if offered. The objective is to allow people to share experiences of using the semantic web. The agenda will be driven by the attendees; it is not limited to Jena applications nor limited to the UK.

Please register early so we know there is critical mass for the event.

Registration: swig-uk-2008@sparql.net

Further Information - http://groups.yahoo.com/group/semanticweb-southwest/ - Directions: http://www.hpl.hp.com/bristol/directions.html.

Other Events

ACM Special Interest Group on Hypertext, Hypermedia and the Web - http://www.sigweb.org/conferences/deng-cover.shtml - Conferences.

ACM Document Engineering Confernce Details - http://www.documentengineering.org/ - The ACM Symposium on Document Engineering is an annual meeting of researchers active in document engineering.

ACM - DocEng 2005 - http://www.hpl.hp.com/conferences/DocEng2005/ - ACM Symposium on Document Engineering - 2-4 November 2005 - Bristol, United Kingdom.

ACM - DocEng 2006 - http://www.cwi.nl/events/2006/DocEng2006/ - ACM Symposium on Document Engineering - 10-13 October 2006 - Amsterdam, Netherlands.

ACM - DocEng 2007 - http://doceng07.cs.umanitoba.ca/ - ACM Symposium on Document Engineering - 28-31 August 2007 - Winnepeg, Canada.

Grand Challenges in Computing Research - GCCR'08 - From computers to ubiquitous computing, by 2020 - British Computer Society BCS - http://www.bcs.org/server.php?show=nav.9891 - GCCR'08 will take place over two days from 18-19 March 2008 in London. It is timed to follow on from the Ubiquitous Computing discussion meeting being held at the Royal Society on 17-18 March - As indicated in the title GCCR'08 will focus on the research grand challenges that were established by UKCRC in 2002.

MetaKnowledge mash-up 2007 - http://www.epsg.org.uk/KIDMM/mashup2007/ - Data, information resources and repositories of human knowledge — people and organisations increasingly gather, produce, manage, classify, index and access these using networked computers. - 17 September, London.

Sixth International Conference on Aspect-Oriented Software Development - aosd.07 - Vancouver, British Columbia March 12-16, 2007.

SVG Open 2008 - http://svgopen.org/2008/index.php - 6th International Conference on Scalable Vector Graphics - 26th to 28th August - Nuremberg - Germany - The world conference on SVG will this year take place in the center of Nuremberg. Located in the south of Germany.

WWW 2006 - Edinburgh Conference - May 23-26.

XML.Com - Conferences - http://conferences.oreillynet.com/.

XML 2006 - http://2006.xmlconference.org/ - XML 2006 - The world's oldest and biggest XML conference - 4-7 December - Boston, USA.

XML 2007 Conference - http://2007.xmlconference.org/public/content/home - Conference and Exposition - Marriott Copley Place - Boston, Massachusetts, USA - 3-5 December 2007.

XML Access Languages - XML UK.org - Includes presentation of Chris Wallace - SEEDS member - Tuesday 26 September - CCLRC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory - Didcot, Oxfordshire.

XML and Databases - http://www.bcs.org/server.php?show=conEvent.1752 - http://www.dmsg.bcs.org/web/ - Start Date: 12th June 2008, 14:00 - End Date: 12th June 2008, 17:00 - Venue: BCS, 1st Floor, The Davidson Building, 5 Southampton Street, London, WC2E 7HA - Town/City: London - Country: UK - Organiser: BCS (British Computer Society) Data Management Specialist Group - Description: Our speakers for this event are Chris Wallace of the University of the West of England, who will talk about native XML databases, and Mike Newton, a member of the academic staff of the Open University until his recent retirement, who will talk about the recent extensions to SQL that help to manage XML. This meeting will also include our 2007-2008 Annual General Meeting.

XML Prague Conference - Prague Conference - June 17-18 Prague.

XML Summer School 2007 - http://www.xmlsummerschool.com/ - Wadham College, Oxford University - 22nd-27th July 2007 - The XML Summer School is a unique event for everyone using, designing or implementing XML-based and related technology solutions.

XML & XQuery Workshop for Data Integration - TUESDAY, MAY 20, LONDON (9 AM - 2 PM) - http://www.xquery.com/events/xq-workshop.html - Dalí Universe - County Hall Gallery - Riverside Building, County Hall - London SE1 7PB - Phone: 0870 744 7485 - Building Data Services Providing Access to Heterogeneous Data Sources - SOA has been around for a number of years earning acceptance as a solid approach for systems management – one that allows for the broad reuse of existing software assets, provides a sound architectural model for the federation of disparate IT systems, and supports the automation of abstract business processes via a range of programming paradigms.

Washington Area SGML/XML Users Group - http://www.eccnet.com/xmlug/#meeting - Meeting February 21st.

XTech Conference - Schedule - XTech 2006: "Building Web 2.0" - 16-19 May 2006, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

Conferences - Computing and Aerospace

http://www.cems.uwe.ac.uk/~phale/Events.htm.

AJAX (Asynchronous JavaScript And XML)

I have an AJAX page that links to tutorials, articles and resources - AJAX.

In Today's World of AJAX and Flex, Is XML Past Its Prime? - http://xml.sys-con.com/read/316504.htm - XML Journal - Is XML Overrated? - Andrew Powell - Feb. 9, 2007.

The Future of AJAX is. . .XML? - Kurt Cagle - http://xml.sys-con.com/read/307584.htm - XML Journal - Kurt Cagle To Speak at AJAXWorld Conference & Expo 2007 East in New York City - Jan. 12, 2007.

The Next Web? - http://www.xml.com/pub/a/2006/03/15/next-web-xhtml2-ajax.html - Simon St Laurent 17 March 2006.

The XSLDataGrid: XSLT Rocks Ajax - O'Reilly XML.com - Lindsey Simon.

Why Ajax isn't Web 2 - http://annevankesteren.nl/2005/05/ajax - Anne van Kesteren.

XForms Articles - Tutorials - http://www.cems.uwe.ac.uk/amrc/seeds/Ajax/ajax.htm#XForms.

XForms meets Ajax: Can they get along? - http://searchwebservices.techtarget.com/originalContent/0,289142,sid26_gci1174466,00.html - Web Services News: By Rich Seeley, News Writer 21 Mar 2006.

xforms vs. ruby - a rebuttal (sort of) - http://www.oreillynet.com/xml/blog/2007/03/xforms_vs_ruby_a_rebuttal_sort.html - O'Reilly XML.com - Kurt Cagle - Adriaan de Jonge's article Xforms vs. Ruby on Rails has created quite a stir in both the XML and Ruby communities, and for good reason. He asked a fairly important question - are XForms an also-ran technology that Ruby has managed to supplant? - March 30, 2007.

RDF (Resource Description Framework)

RDF - RDF information and examples.

Semantic Web Applications - http://userdrivenmodelling.blogspot.com/2008/05/semantic-web-applications.html - This article is about the need for provision of Semantic Web applications to increase the amount of Semantic Web information that could be searched. This could result in a virtuous circle of Semantic Web applications creating Semantic Web information, and so justifying the creation of more Semantic Web applications to access it. The article advocates the use of Semantic Web applications for modelling and end-user programming, and integration into business applications. - 5th May 2008

Semantic Web Collaboration - http://ezinearticles.com/?Semantic-Web-Collaboration&id=1160019 - This article discusses how Semantic Web/Web 2.0 collaboration can enable ontology editing. This helps reach agreement on the meaning of terms, and encourages end-user modelling/programming by enabling simplified development of online applications. This could be an efficient way of managing large ontologies with multiple users. - 9th May 2008.

Ajax/Web 2.0 Publications - http://www.cems.uwe.ac.uk/amrc/seeds/Ajax/ajax.htm#UsefulPapers.

Semantic Web Publications - http://www.cems.uwe.ac.uk/amrc/seeds/PeterHale/RDF/RDF.htm#UsefulPublications.

SVG Publications - http://www.cems.uwe.ac.uk/amrc/seeds/PeterHale/SVG/SVG.htm#UsefulPublications.

Publications and References

Bishop, J., 2006. Multi-platform user interface construction: a challenge for software engineering-in-the-small - International Conference on Software Engineering, Proceeding of the 28th international conference on Software engineering - SESSION: Software engineering: achievements & challenges: domain-specific challenges 751 - 760 - ISBN:1-59593-375-1.

Bruchez, E, 2005. Are Server-Side XForms Engines the Future of XForms? - http://www.idealliance.org/proceedings/xtech05/papers/03-08-03/ - XTech 2005 Conference.

Bruchez, E, 2006. XForms: an Alternative to Ajax?. In: XTech 2006: Building Web 2.0 16-19 May 2006, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. http://xtech06.usefulinc.com/schedule/paper/133.

Tao, Y., Hong, T., Sun S., 2004. An XML implementation process model for enterprise applications - Computers in Industry 55 (2004) 181-196.

Language and Tool Mapping

Home Pages

SEEDS Page - SEEDS Home Page

Software Engineering Research Group - http://www.cems.uwe.ac.uk/cccs/researchgroup.php?menu=off&group=serg - SERG's mission is to bridge the gap between software engineering research and its application to different disciplines.

Peter Home Page - Peter Hale Home Page

Developed by Peter Hale, 2007. The University of the West of England, Bristol, UK.

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Implementation based on Space Horizons - http://www.cems.uwe.ac.uk/amrc/JANS/spacehorizons/ - Project for Information Technology Management for Business - Year 2.

Yahoo Pipes RSS Feed for these Semantic Web stories - http://pipes.yahoo.com/pipes/pipe.info?_id=ee79adccdb4fe17a6efedee41946a612.

Code Explanataion/Tutorial Freshblog - Blogger Hacks, Categories, Tips & Tricks - http://blogfresh.blogspot.com/2007/03/pipes-json-and-code-for-your-website.html.